bpy simple transforms

bpy scale and rotate tutorial

The modules: bpy and math must be imported because we use math.radians below to convert from degrees to radians.

import bpy, math

This code will scale the default cube in blender to [1,2,5]

bpy.data.objects["Cube"].scale.x = 1
bpy.data.objects["Cube"].scale.y = 2
bpy.data.objects["Cube"].scale.z = 5

By default Blender will use euler X,Y,Z rotation, and not quaternion X,Y,Z,W. Note that the rotation property of the Cube is called rotation_euler, and not simply rotation

bpy.data.objects["Cube"].rotation_euler.x = math.radians(45)